It’s important to understand what you want to protect.

The first thing is people – that’s not with a surge suppressor, but with a GFI protected outlet.  My GUESS is your outlet already is, unless it is an older home.  Find that out first.  Daisy chaining GFI is usually not a good idea, sometimes they then trip needlessly.  If yours is NOT protected, either replace it with a GFI outlet (easy, but get an electrician if in doubt), or get a FGI protected extension.  That makes the world safe for people.

The surge protector you show is to protect equipment from lightning surges on the line (or other surges of a transient nature).  While not pointless, since most of us will not set up when there are lightning storms anywhere near, this seems much less interesting.  But they are cheap and do no harm.  The surge protector offers zero protection to humans from line voltage.

Finally there’s using three different AC -> DC adapters.  I’m a proponent of grounding all of those together so there are no floating voltages against their ground, because if there are, these tend to flow over other connections not intended to carry significant current, notably USB cables.  This doesn’t make them smoke and is not dangerous generally to people but can cause intermittent connections.  However, especially when they are different voltages (as yours probably are) this can be more difficult to do without some custom wiring. Perhaps those more electronically inclined can comment on whether it is actually important to do.  I do know most people do not bother, at least that I have seen.